Persian cat

 The Persian cat, sometimes referred to by the name Persian Longhair, belongs to a long-haired breed distinguished by its short nose and round face. It has not been established whether the earliest known Persian cat forebears were brought to Italy from Afghanistan as early as 1620. Rather, there is more proof that a breed of long-haired cat was brought into Afghanistan and Iran/Persia starting in the 19th century. [2] [3] [4] Since the 19th century, Persian cats have gained widespread recognition among North-West European cat enthusiasts [5], and cultivators from North America, Australia, and New Zealand began to use them following World War II. [5] While Himalayan cats and Exotic Shorthair are typically treated as distinct breeds, certain cat fancier organizations' breed standards include them as variations of this breed.

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Origin

Since there are no long-haired examples of the endangered African wildcat, the parent of domesticated species, it is unknown when long-haired cats first appeared.


Based on The Royal Natural History, an Angora/Persian (1894)
Pietro Della Valle may have brought the earliest known Persian cat ancestors from Khorasan to with Eastern Iran or occidental Afghanistan, to the Italian Southeast in 1620, while Nicolas-Claude Fabri en Peiresc may have brought them from Damascus, Syria, to France around the same time. He returned to Italy in 1626 after visiting several various nations with his wife's remains in tow and making no more mention of the cats. [2] [9]

As of right now, I have discovered a really lovely type of cat in this country that is indigenous to the Khorasan region, although it is different in appearance and quality from those found in Tyre [Lebanon]. Although we think they are very valuable, people of Khorasan don't care about them. I'm tempted to take animals to Rome and introduce this breed to Italy. They resemble regular cats in both size and shape.

In the end, cats transported throughout Afghanistan, Iran, and maybe other nearby locations were marketed in Europe under the term Persian cat, despite its ambiguous geographic authenticity. No breed of cat is known to be referred to as a "Persian cat" (gorba-ye pârsi) by Persian speakers. Rather, gorbe-ye borāq variants [11][complete citation required] gorbe-ye barrāq, [12] [complete reference required] and gorbe-ye barāq are found in 19th- and 20th-century Persian dictionaries. [2]

Lord Elphinstone wrote the following in 1815 about the cats in Kabul: [13]

Even though they are not common in the country of Iran from which their names are named, Persian cats—at least the longhaired kind known as Boorauk—are sold in large quantities and are rarely or never exported from that common.

Genetic origin

While the early Persian animal may have actually started from the Persian Empire, the modern Persian cat is losing its phylogeographical signature," according to recent genetic research, which suggests that Persian cats today are related to Western European cat breeds rather than those from the Near East. [16]

The evolutionary tree of cat populations and breeds illustrates this. Since the Persian the feline is seen in red, it is genetically related to the European cat breed. In terms of genetics, the American Shorthair, Chartreux, and British Shorthair are the closest relatives to the Persian cat breed of today. [16] In the late 1950s, American Shorthairs and Persian cats were outcrossed to create the Exotic Shorthair breed.

Persians and Angoras

Harrison Weir hosted the first organized cat show in 1871 at The Crystal Palace on London, England, where a Persian cat was displayed. Efforts were made to distinguish it from the Angora as specimens that were closest to the later-established Persian alignment became the more common forms. [17] In 1889, cat exhibition promoter Weir released the first breed standard, which came to be known as the points of competence list. According to Weir, the Persian was different from Angora in that its head was broader and had less pointed ears, its tail was longer, and its hair was fuller and coarser at the end. [18] The idea of distinguishing between the two kinds was not shared by all cat lovers, and in 1903's The Novel of the Cat,